Difference between revisions of "Nitric Acid"
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| − | |has description=Nitric Acid | + | |has description===British Pharmacopoeia 1867== |
| + | === Nitric Acid '' Acidum Nitricum ''=== | ||
| + | “An acid prepared from nitrate of potash or nitrate of soda by distillation with sulphuric acid and water.” (14-15) | ||
| + | *it is also used as a test solution throughout the Pharmacopoeia | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Characteristics''' | ||
| + | |||
| + | “A colourless liquid…” Used in preparations of: | ||
| + | * Acidum Nitricum dilutum | ||
| + | * Acidum Nitro-Hydrochloricum dilutum | ||
| + | * Liquor Ferri Pernitratis | ||
| + | * Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis Acidus | ||
| + | * Unguentum Hydrargyri Nirtatis | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Preparations of Nitric Acid === | ||
| + | ''' Diluated Nitric Acid ''' / Acidum Nitricum Dilutum 16 | ||
| + | * nitric acid (6 fl oz), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * OR nitric acid (2400 grains), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * will form a colourless liquid | ||
| + | * dose: 10-30 minims | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Diluted Nitro-Hydrochloric Acid ''' / Acidum Nitro-Hydrochloricum dilutum 16-17 | ||
| + | * nitric acid (3 fl oz), hydrochloric acid (4 fl oz), distilled water (25 fl oz) | ||
| + | * dose: 5-20 minims | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Diluted Phosphoric Acid ''' / Acidum Phosphoric Dilutum 17-18 | ||
| + | * phosphorus (413 grains), nitric acid (6 fl oz), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * “A colourless liquid with a sour taste and strongly acid reaction.” | ||
| + | * dose: 10-30 minims | ||
| + | * used in preparations of: Syrupus Ferri Phophoric | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Nitrate of Silver ''' / Argenti Nitras 46 | ||
| + | * Purified silver (3 oz), nitric acid ( 2 ½ oz), distilled water (5 oz) | ||
| + | * In colourless tabular crystals, the primary form of which is the right rhombic prism; or in white cylindrical rods; soluble in distilled water, and in rectified spirit/ | ||
| + | * dose: 1/6-1/3 grains\ | ||
| + | * used in preparations of: Argenti Oxidum | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Carbonate of Bismuth ''' / Bismuthi Carbonas 56-57 | ||
| + | * purified bismuth in small pieces (2 oz), nitric acid (4 fl oz), carbonate of ammonia (6 oz), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * “A white powder…; insoluble in water but soluble with effervescence in nitric acid.” | ||
| + | * Dose: 5-20 grains | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Subnitrate of Bismuth ''' / Bismuthi Subnitras 57-58 | ||
| + | * syn: bismuth album, Bisumth Nitras | ||
| + | * purified bismuth, in small pieces (2 oz), nitric acid (4 fl oz), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * “A heavy white powder in minute crystalline scales…; insoluble in water, but soluble in nitric acid mixed with half its volume of distilled water, forming a solution which poured into water gives a white precipitate.” | ||
| + | * Dose: 5-20 grains | ||
| + | * Used in the preparations of: Trochisci Bismuthi | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Red Oxide of Mercury ''' 151-52 | ||
| + | * syn: Hydrargyri Nitrico-Oxidum | ||
| + | * mercury, by weight (8 oz), nitric acid (4 ½ fl oz), water (2 fl oz) | ||
| + | * “An orange-red powder readily dissolved by hydrochloric acid” | ||
| + | * Used in the preparations of: Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi rubri | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Solution of Citrate of Bismuth and Ammonia ''' / Liquor Bismuth et Ammoniae Citras 182-83 | ||
| + | * Purified Bismuth (430 grains), Nitric Acid (2 fl oz), Citric Acid (2 oz), Solution of Ammonia (as needed), Distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | * “A colourless solution with a saline and slightly metallic taste.” | ||
| + | * dose: ½ - 1 fl drachm | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Strong Solution of Perchloride of Iron ''' / Liquor Ferri Perchloridi Fortior 187 | ||
| + | * syn: liquor ferri perchloridi, 1864 | ||
| + | * iron wire (2 oz), hydrochloric acid (12 fl oz), nitric acid (9 fl drachm), distilled water (8 fl oz) | ||
| + | * “An orange-brown solution with a strong styptic taste, miscible with water and rectified spirit in all proportions.” | ||
| + | * used in the preparations of: Liquor Ferri Perchloridi, Tinctura Ferri Perchloridi | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Solution of Persulphate of Iron ''' / Liquor Ferri Persulphatis 188-89 | ||
| + | * sulphate of iron (8 oz), sulphuric acid (6 fl drachms), nitric acid (6 fl drachm), distilled water (12 fl oz, or as needed) | ||
| + | * “A dense solution of a dark-red colour, inodourous and very astringent, miscible in all proportions with alcohol and water.” | ||
| + | *used in preparations of: Ferri et Ammoniae Citras, Ferri et Quiniae Citras, Ferri Oxidum magneticum, Ferri Peroxidum humidum, Ferrum Tartaratum, Tinctura Ferri Acetatis | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Acid Solution of Nitrate of Mercury ''' / Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis Acidus 189-90 | ||
| + | * mercury (4 oz), nitric acid (5 fl oz), distilled water (1 ½ fl oz) | ||
| + | * “A colourless and strongly acid solution” | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Spirit of Nitrous Ether ''' / Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi 293-294 | ||
| + | * syn: spiritus Aetheris Nitrici | ||
| + | * “A spirituous solution containing nitrous ether” | ||
| + | * nitric acid (3 fl oz), sulphuric acid (2 fl oz), copper, in fine wire (about no. 25), 2 oz, rectified spirit (as needed) | ||
| + | * “Transparent and nearly colourless, with a very slight tinge og yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish cooling sharp taste.” | ||
| + | * dose: ½-2 fl drachms | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Ointment of Nitrate of Mercury ''' / Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitras | ||
| + | * syn: unguentum citrinum | ||
| + | * mercury, by weight (4 oz), nitric acid (12 fl oz), prepared lard (15 oz), olive oil | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Solution of Chloride of Gold ''' (Test Solution) 388 | ||
| + | * fine gold, reduced by a rolling machine to a thin lamina (60 grains), nitric acid ( 1 ½ fl oz), hydrochloric acid (7 fl oz), distilled water (as needed) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Solution of Iodate of Potash ''' (Test Solution) 389 | ||
| + | * iodine (50 grains), chlorate of potash (50 grains), nitric acid (8 minims), distilled water (10 ½ fl oz) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''' Solution of Perchloride of Platinum ''' (Test Solution) 389-90 | ||
| + | * thin platinum foil (1/4 oz), nitric acid (as needed), hydrochloric acid (as needed), distilled water (7 fl oz) | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
==A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865== | ==A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865== | ||
All page numbers are recorded as (PDF #/SOURCE #) | All page numbers are recorded as (PDF #/SOURCE #) | ||
Revision as of 13:39, 17 May 2016
British Pharmacopoeia 1867
Nitric Acid Acidum Nitricum
“An acid prepared from nitrate of potash or nitrate of soda by distillation with sulphuric acid and water.” (14-15)
- it is also used as a test solution throughout the Pharmacopoeia
Characteristics
“A colourless liquid…” Used in preparations of:
- Acidum Nitricum dilutum
- Acidum Nitro-Hydrochloricum dilutum
- Liquor Ferri Pernitratis
- Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis Acidus
- Unguentum Hydrargyri Nirtatis
Preparations of Nitric Acid
Diluated Nitric Acid / Acidum Nitricum Dilutum 16
- nitric acid (6 fl oz), distilled water (as needed)
- OR nitric acid (2400 grains), distilled water (as needed)
- will form a colourless liquid
- dose: 10-30 minims
Diluted Nitro-Hydrochloric Acid / Acidum Nitro-Hydrochloricum dilutum 16-17
- nitric acid (3 fl oz), hydrochloric acid (4 fl oz), distilled water (25 fl oz)
- dose: 5-20 minims
Diluted Phosphoric Acid / Acidum Phosphoric Dilutum 17-18
- phosphorus (413 grains), nitric acid (6 fl oz), distilled water (as needed)
- “A colourless liquid with a sour taste and strongly acid reaction.”
- dose: 10-30 minims
- used in preparations of: Syrupus Ferri Phophoric
Nitrate of Silver / Argenti Nitras 46
- Purified silver (3 oz), nitric acid ( 2 ½ oz), distilled water (5 oz)
- In colourless tabular crystals, the primary form of which is the right rhombic prism; or in white cylindrical rods; soluble in distilled water, and in rectified spirit/
- dose: 1/6-1/3 grains\
- used in preparations of: Argenti Oxidum
Carbonate of Bismuth / Bismuthi Carbonas 56-57
- purified bismuth in small pieces (2 oz), nitric acid (4 fl oz), carbonate of ammonia (6 oz), distilled water (as needed)
- “A white powder…; insoluble in water but soluble with effervescence in nitric acid.”
- Dose: 5-20 grains
Subnitrate of Bismuth / Bismuthi Subnitras 57-58
- syn: bismuth album, Bisumth Nitras
- purified bismuth, in small pieces (2 oz), nitric acid (4 fl oz), distilled water (as needed)
- “A heavy white powder in minute crystalline scales…; insoluble in water, but soluble in nitric acid mixed with half its volume of distilled water, forming a solution which poured into water gives a white precipitate.”
- Dose: 5-20 grains
- Used in the preparations of: Trochisci Bismuthi
Red Oxide of Mercury 151-52
- syn: Hydrargyri Nitrico-Oxidum
- mercury, by weight (8 oz), nitric acid (4 ½ fl oz), water (2 fl oz)
- “An orange-red powder readily dissolved by hydrochloric acid”
- Used in the preparations of: Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxidi rubri
Solution of Citrate of Bismuth and Ammonia / Liquor Bismuth et Ammoniae Citras 182-83
- Purified Bismuth (430 grains), Nitric Acid (2 fl oz), Citric Acid (2 oz), Solution of Ammonia (as needed), Distilled water (as needed)
- “A colourless solution with a saline and slightly metallic taste.”
- dose: ½ - 1 fl drachm
Strong Solution of Perchloride of Iron / Liquor Ferri Perchloridi Fortior 187
- syn: liquor ferri perchloridi, 1864
- iron wire (2 oz), hydrochloric acid (12 fl oz), nitric acid (9 fl drachm), distilled water (8 fl oz)
- “An orange-brown solution with a strong styptic taste, miscible with water and rectified spirit in all proportions.”
- used in the preparations of: Liquor Ferri Perchloridi, Tinctura Ferri Perchloridi
Solution of Persulphate of Iron / Liquor Ferri Persulphatis 188-89
- sulphate of iron (8 oz), sulphuric acid (6 fl drachms), nitric acid (6 fl drachm), distilled water (12 fl oz, or as needed)
- “A dense solution of a dark-red colour, inodourous and very astringent, miscible in all proportions with alcohol and water.”
- used in preparations of: Ferri et Ammoniae Citras, Ferri et Quiniae Citras, Ferri Oxidum magneticum, Ferri Peroxidum humidum, Ferrum Tartaratum, Tinctura Ferri Acetatis
Acid Solution of Nitrate of Mercury / Liquor Hydrargyri Nitratis Acidus 189-90
- mercury (4 oz), nitric acid (5 fl oz), distilled water (1 ½ fl oz)
- “A colourless and strongly acid solution”
Spirit of Nitrous Ether / Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi 293-294
- syn: spiritus Aetheris Nitrici
- “A spirituous solution containing nitrous ether”
- nitric acid (3 fl oz), sulphuric acid (2 fl oz), copper, in fine wire (about no. 25), 2 oz, rectified spirit (as needed)
- “Transparent and nearly colourless, with a very slight tinge og yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish cooling sharp taste.”
- dose: ½-2 fl drachms
Ointment of Nitrate of Mercury / Unguentum Hydrargyri Nitras
- syn: unguentum citrinum
- mercury, by weight (4 oz), nitric acid (12 fl oz), prepared lard (15 oz), olive oil
Solution of Chloride of Gold (Test Solution) 388
- fine gold, reduced by a rolling machine to a thin lamina (60 grains), nitric acid ( 1 ½ fl oz), hydrochloric acid (7 fl oz), distilled water (as needed)
Solution of Iodate of Potash (Test Solution) 389
- iodine (50 grains), chlorate of potash (50 grains), nitric acid (8 minims), distilled water (10 ½ fl oz)
Solution of Perchloride of Platinum (Test Solution) 389-90
- thin platinum foil (1/4 oz), nitric acid (as needed), hydrochloric acid (as needed), distilled water (7 fl oz)
A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865
All page numbers are recorded as (PDF #/SOURCE #)
Classified as an Astringent (Remedies Which Check Bleeding, or Excessive Secretions)(412/391) and as a Caustic and Counter-Irritant (Remedies Which Chemically Destroy or Burn the Animal Tissues When Locally Applied)(412/391)
Nitric Acid, when concentrated, is caustic and often used diluted. Its vapours have been used in fumigations. It was used to induce vesication (blistering) during a cholera outbreak in India. When diluted, the acid can be used as a tonic, antiseptic, and anti-syphilitic. A further diluted version that has been sweetened with sugar forms an “excellent and agreeable beverage” used in the treatment of typhoid, malignant, and petechial fevers. Lotions containing diluted nitric acid can treat both unhealthy and foetid ulcers. (26/5)
Fumigation (202/181)
The Nitro-Muriatic Bath (219/198)(220/199)
Also check out nitro-muturic acid
Remedies Containing or to be used with Nitric Acid
- Acid, Nitric (26/5): see def
- Acid, Nitric, Diluted (26-27/5-6) diluted nitric acid is used in a draught given to treat heartburn. It is also included in “Nitric Acid Mixture” and “Nitric Acid Draught(s),” the last of the two being a treatment for asthma.
- Simarub Bark (155/134): diluted nitric acid include in Dr. Baillie’s prescription
Diseases Treated with Nitric Acid
General Diseases
- Warts (282-261): nitric acid is the more effective methods for destroying warts
Medical Articles Containing Nitric Acid
- Freezing Mixture (324/303): dilute nitric acid
Prescriptions Containing Nitric Acid
Alternatives
- Alternatives in the form of Mixture of Draught (330/309) fourth version: dilute nitric acid
Antispasmodics
- Anti-Asthmatic Draught (Another)(337/316): diluted nitric acid
Astringents
- Dr. Baillie’s Mixture for Children (341/320): diluted nitric acid