Difference between revisions of "Copper"
From London's Ghost Acres
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==British Pharmacopoeia 1867== | ==British Pharmacopoeia 1867== | ||
=== Sulphate of Copper '' Cupri Sulphas ''=== | === Sulphate of Copper '' Cupri Sulphas ''=== | ||
| − | “May be obtained by heating sulphuric acid and copper together, dissolving the soluble product in hot water, and evaporating the solution until crystallisation takes place on cooling.” | + | “May be obtained by heating sulphuric acid and copper together, dissolving the soluble product in hot water, and evaporating the solution until crystallisation takes place on cooling.” <ref> General Medical Council of Great Britain, ''British Pharmacopeia'', (London: Spottiswoode & Co.,1867), 94 https://archive.org/details/britishpharmacop00gene</ref> |
'''Characteristics''' | '''Characteristics''' | ||
| − | “A blue crystalline salt, in oblique prisms, soluble in water, forming a pale blue solution which strongly reddens litmus.” | + | “A blue crystalline salt, in oblique prisms, soluble in water, forming a pale blue solution which strongly reddens litmus.”<ref>GMCGB, 94</ref> |
| + | |||
=== Copper '' Cuprum ''=== | === Copper '' Cuprum ''=== | ||
| − | “Fine copper wire, about No. 25” | + | “Fine copper wire, about No. 25”<ref>GMCGB, 95</ref> |
Preparation containing copper: | Preparation containing copper: | ||
* Cupri Sulphas | * Cupri Sulphas | ||
| − | |||
Preparation in which copper is used: | Preparation in which copper is used: | ||
| − | * Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi | + | * Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi |
===Preparations of Copper=== | ===Preparations of Copper=== | ||
| − | ''' Spirit of Nitrous Ether ''' / Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi | + | ''' Spirit of Nitrous Ether ''' / Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi <ref>GMCGB, 293-94</ref> |
* syn: spiritus aetheris nitrici | * syn: spiritus aetheris nitrici | ||
* “a spirituous solution containing nitrous ether” | * “a spirituous solution containing nitrous ether” | ||
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* “transparent and nearly colourless, with a very slight tinge of yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish cooling sharp taste.” | * “transparent and nearly colourless, with a very slight tinge of yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish cooling sharp taste.” | ||
| − | ''' Copper Foil ''' | + | ''' Copper Foil ''' <ref>GMCGB, 380</ref> |
* “pure metallic copper, thin and bright.” | * “pure metallic copper, thin and bright.” | ||
| − | ''' Subacetate of Copper of Commerce ''' | + | ''' Subacetate of Copper of Commerce '''<ref>GMCGB, 383</ref> |
* “Verdigris” (oxidised copper?) | * “Verdigris” (oxidised copper?) | ||
| − | ''' Sulphate of Copper, Anhydrous ''' | + | ''' Sulphate of Copper, Anhydrous '''<ref>GMCGB, 383</ref> |
* “sulphate of copper deprived of its water by heat of 400°.” | * “sulphate of copper deprived of its water by heat of 400°.” | ||
* “A yellowish white powder, which becomes blue when moistened with water.” | * “A yellowish white powder, which becomes blue when moistened with water.” | ||
| − | ''' Solution of Acetate of Copper (Test Solution) ''' | + | ''' Solution of Acetate of Copper (Test Solution) '''<ref>GMCGB, 384</ref> |
* subacetate of copper of commerce, in fine powder (1/2 oz), acetic acid (1 fl oz), distilled water | * subacetate of copper of commerce, in fine powder (1/2 oz), acetic acid (1 fl oz), distilled water | ||
| − | ''' Solution of Ammonio-Sulphate of Copper (Test Solution) ''' | + | ''' Solution of Ammonio-Sulphate of Copper (Test Solution) ''' <ref>GMCGB, 386</ref> |
* sulphate of copper, in crystals (1/2 oz), solution of ammonia (as needed), distilled water (as needed) | * sulphate of copper, in crystals (1/2 oz), solution of ammonia (as needed), distilled water (as needed) | ||
==A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865== | ==A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865== | ||
| − | |||
Savory classifies sulphate of copper under Caustics and Counter-Irritants (Remedies Which Chemically Destroy or Burn the Animal Tissues When Locally Applied) (412/391) and as an Emetic (414/393). | Savory classifies sulphate of copper under Caustics and Counter-Irritants (Remedies Which Chemically Destroy or Burn the Animal Tissues When Locally Applied) (412/391) and as an Emetic (414/393). | ||
| − | Sulphate of copper and sulphate of zinc are both recommened emetics when treating poisoning from opium. ( | + | Sulphate of copper and sulphate of zinc are both recommened emetics when treating poisoning from opium. <ref> Savory, John. ''A Compendium of Domestic Medicine'' (London: John Churchill and Sons, 1865), 176. https://books.google.ca/books?id=VxoDAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref> |
===Diseases Treated with === | ===Diseases Treated with === | ||
'''General Diseases''' | '''General Diseases''' | ||
| − | * Epilepsy | + | * Epilepsy: Strong stimuli and tonics are to be used when the disease is the result of “weakness or nervous irritability,” with a preparation of sulphate of copper being one to the effective treatments.<ref>Savory, 230</ref> |
| + | |||
| + | == References == | ||
| + | <references/> | ||
| + | |||
|comes from=Swansea, Chile, Cape of Good Hope, Peru, Australasia, Newfoundland, Spain, Venezuela, Portugal, United States of America, Italy, British North America, Norway, Boliva Bolivia | |comes from=Swansea, Chile, Cape of Good Hope, Peru, Australasia, Newfoundland, Spain, Venezuela, Portugal, United States of America, Italy, British North America, Norway, Boliva Bolivia | ||
}} | }} | ||
Revision as of 14:41, 25 August 2016
Refined copper was used chiefly in the manufacture of electrical cables and plumbing fittings, in addition to industrial applications such as boilers and stills.
Contents
British Pharmacopoeia 1867
Sulphate of Copper Cupri Sulphas
“May be obtained by heating sulphuric acid and copper together, dissolving the soluble product in hot water, and evaporating the solution until crystallisation takes place on cooling.” [1] Characteristics
“A blue crystalline salt, in oblique prisms, soluble in water, forming a pale blue solution which strongly reddens litmus.”[2]
Copper Cuprum
“Fine copper wire, about No. 25”[3] Preparation containing copper:
- Cupri Sulphas
Preparation in which copper is used:
- Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi
Preparations of Copper
Spirit of Nitrous Ether / Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi [4]
- syn: spiritus aetheris nitrici
- “a spirituous solution containing nitrous ether”
- nitric acid (3 fl oz), sulphuric acid (2 fo oz), copper, in fine wire (about No. 25)(2 oz), rectified spirit (as needed)
- dose: ½-2 fl drachm
- “transparent and nearly colourless, with a very slight tinge of yellow, mobile, inflammable, of a peculiar penetrating apple-like odour, and sweetish cooling sharp taste.”
Copper Foil [5]
- “pure metallic copper, thin and bright.”
Subacetate of Copper of Commerce [6]
- “Verdigris” (oxidised copper?)
Sulphate of Copper, Anhydrous [7]
- “sulphate of copper deprived of its water by heat of 400°.”
- “A yellowish white powder, which becomes blue when moistened with water.”
Solution of Acetate of Copper (Test Solution) [8]
- subacetate of copper of commerce, in fine powder (1/2 oz), acetic acid (1 fl oz), distilled water
Solution of Ammonio-Sulphate of Copper (Test Solution) [9]
- sulphate of copper, in crystals (1/2 oz), solution of ammonia (as needed), distilled water (as needed)
A Compendium of Domestic Medicine, 1865
Savory classifies sulphate of copper under Caustics and Counter-Irritants (Remedies Which Chemically Destroy or Burn the Animal Tissues When Locally Applied) (412/391) and as an Emetic (414/393). Sulphate of copper and sulphate of zinc are both recommened emetics when treating poisoning from opium. [10]
Diseases Treated with
General Diseases
- Epilepsy: Strong stimuli and tonics are to be used when the disease is the result of “weakness or nervous irritability,” with a preparation of sulphate of copper being one to the effective treatments.[11]
References
- ↑ General Medical Council of Great Britain, British Pharmacopeia, (London: Spottiswoode & Co.,1867), 94 https://archive.org/details/britishpharmacop00gene
- ↑ GMCGB, 94
- ↑ GMCGB, 95
- ↑ GMCGB, 293-94
- ↑ GMCGB, 380
- ↑ GMCGB, 383
- ↑ GMCGB, 383
- ↑ GMCGB, 384
- ↑ GMCGB, 386
- ↑ Savory, John. A Compendium of Domestic Medicine (London: John Churchill and Sons, 1865), 176. https://books.google.ca/books?id=VxoDAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
- ↑ Savory, 230
Imported from
- Swansea
- Chile
- Cape of Good Hope
- Peru
- Australasia
- Newfoundland
- Spain
- Venezuela
- Portugal
- United States of America
- Italy
- British North America
- Norway
- Boliva Bolivia